Keeping your windows bash up-to-date

tl;dr sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade && sudo apt-get autoremove

The above runs three commands apt-get update, apt-get dist-upgrade and apt-get autoremove

apt-get update

This updates the list of packages and versions for apt-get

apt-get dist-upgrade

This is what actually does the upgrade, there is also apt-get upgrade but the apt-get dist-upgrade also manages any dependencies.

apt-get autoremove

Hat tip to Jesse Jackson

This command cleans up and packages that are no longer required.